Sinai spent many years since the liberation waiting for reconstruction until the June 30 state came to begin a revolution to cleanse Sinai of terrorism in the comprehensive battle in which the grandchildren continued the heroism of the ancestors to end with the elimination of terrorism..
And at the same time The hands that took up arms were hands that lived and built… Here are some of the many things that were achieved in the land of turquoise…
Although wars have many goals to restore the land usurped by enemies, it leaves behind major economic and social losses that affect development plans in these countries, and Egypt was one of the countries that suffered most from the scourges of wars in our current era for years, which began since the tripartite aggression in 1956, through the setback of 1967, and reached victory on the sixth. From October 1973.
A number of economic experts confirmed to “Rosa Al-Youssef” The wars that Egypt fought had a negative impact on disrupting the development process, as all services in the fields of health, education, roads, etc. faltered, and those wars drained the state’s resources and increased its burdens, and the state is still paying its bills until now.
The experts revealed That the state was forced to abandon the second five-year plan of 1964 – 1970, which aimed to build heavy industries and complete what was done during the first five-year plan, and it was replaced by a three-year plan, then annual plans to accelerate the pace of achievement. As a result, the growth rate in the domestic product declined during the period from 66 to 71, so that the gross domestic product became about 2.9%.< /p>
The national economy went through a period of recession of up to nine years between 1964/1965 and 1973, based on that significant decline in the growth rate of national income “less than 3% during this period,” which did not greatly exceed the growth rate Population, and in the year 1966/1967, national income did not increase at all. Moreover, it decreased in the following fiscal year 1967/1968 by .2%.
And during the five years following the first five-year plan, it decreased The percentage of increase in the gross domestic product reached 17%, compared to 37% during the years of the first five-year plan. The reason for the deterioration in the level of output was the collapse of the volume of investment, as its percentage fell from 18% in the late years of the first five-year plan to 12% in 1972. The savings rate also fell from 14% to 8% during the same period.
By the end of the sixties, the policy of import substitution had exceeded its potential, and had only resulted in the replacement of a certain type of imports with another type, and despite This did not reduce the burden on the balance of payments, but rather increased it.
Experts revealed that Egypt, after 1967, faced all the economic effects resulting from the closure of the Suez Canal, the loss of Sinai oil, the lack of tourism revenues, and the expenses of settling those displaced from the canal area. In addition to new military spending, in addition to what Egypt had to pay to service debts that came due in the years following the 1967 war, as the value of debt installments payable at that time during the period from 1967 to 1972 amounted to about 240 million dollars per year on average.
For his part, Dr. Muhammad Al-Shawadfi, Professor of Investment and Finance at Zagazig University, said: Wars have a significant impact on the economies of the world, and it is enough that Great Britain borrowed from Egypt because of its suffering from the First and Second World Wars, in which The Egyptian economy is very strong, as the price of the Egyptian pound reached several dollars or pounds sterling.
Al-Shawadfi indicated: Some may wonder how the condition of the Egyptian economy has changed after it was strong? The answer here lies in the fact that Egypt fought 6 successive wars in less than 60 years, which had a negative impact on economic development, so Egypt resorted to the so-called war economy during the period from 1967 to 1973, as it took a set of measures and emergency measures for the purpose of preserving the foreign exchange balance. And providing resources for the war effort and arming the army during that period.
The investment professor continued: “After the defeat of 1967, some measures were taken in order to build the Egyptian army and provide financial resources to arm the army and prepare for the next war, the most important of which was reconsidering the plan.” Import and export due to the worsening deficit in the trade balance, reliance on the local product, postponement of the implementation of long-term projects, as well as reducing government spending, and addressing the state’s administrative apparatus by reducing the number of ministries.
Al-Shawadfi explained: Wars have negatively affected the failure of services in the fields of health, education, roads and all fields, as wars in the past century depleted the state’s resources, increased its burdens, obstructed the development process for generations to come, led to overcrowding in classes, a decrease in the number of universities, a change in development plans, and a failure to confront population growth, indicating that The state is still paying its bills in the battles that Egypt fought in the last century, especially the 1967 war and the resulting loss of state resources and the increase in military spending by renewing equipment.
Dr. Mahmoud Anbar, professor of economics at Aswan University, confirmed that the economic cost of any A “very expensive” state of war, as it has not only affected current generations, but also extends its negative effects to future generations, and thus affects the idea of sustainable development, pointing out that the lack of any security or political stability leads to the flight of investment and prevents the flow of foreign funds, so he headed Money is called “the coward,” because it has no homeland and does not look for a place except one that maximizes its profits.
Anbar drew attention to his words: Until wars moved from confrontation on the battlefield to economic constriction, using the idea of economic sanctions as a type of “arm twisting.” To bring any country to its knees, explaining that the regional challenges surrounding the Egyptian state did not prevent it from completing development plans, and it was able to achieve what it aimed for without costing the state to enter into an armed conflict, because its economic consequences would be negative after Egypt was able to overcome a long series of obstacles, and put It ranks among the ranks of developed countries, and has received many international acclaim.
